You have two jugs, one that can hold 5 liters of water and another that can hold 3 liters of water. You also have access to a water source. Your goal is to measure exactly 4 liters of water using only these two jugs. How can you do it?
Solution:
Fill the 5-liter jug completely with water from the source.
Pour water from the 5-liter jug into the 3-liter jug until the 3-liter jug is full, leaving 2 liters of water in the 5-liter jug.
Now, empty the 3-liter jug completely.
Pour the remaining 2 liters of water from the 5-liter jug into the empty 3-liter jug.
Fill the 5-liter jug again from the source.
Pour water from the 5-liter jug into the 3-liter jug until the 3-liter jug is full, which will require 1 liter of water from the 5-liter jug. This leaves you with 4 liters of water in the 5-liter jug, precisely measuring the desired amount.
By following these steps, you can measure exactly 4 liters of water using the 5-liter and 3-liter jugs.
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